吉布斯自由能(Gibbs free energy)在化学热力学中为判断过程进行的方向而引入的热力学函数。又称自由焓、吉布斯自由能或自由能。 自由能指的是在某一个热力学过程中,系统减少的内能中可以转化为对外做功的部分。自由能(free energy)在物理化学中,按照亥姆霍兹的定容自由能F与吉布斯的定压自由能G的定义。吉布斯自由能是自由能的一种。文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html
自由能指的是在某一个热力学过程中,系统减少的内能中可以转化为对外做功的部分。自由能(free energy)在物理化学中,按照亥姆霍兹的定容自由能F与吉布斯的定压自由能G的定义。文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html
吉布斯自由能是自由能的一种。吉布斯自由能又叫吉布斯函数,(英Gibbs free energy,Gibbs energy or Gibbs function; also known as free enthalpy)是热力学中一个重要的参量,常用G表示,它的定义是:文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html
G=U−TS+pV=H−TS文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html
其中U是系统的内能,T是温度,S是熵,p是压强,V是体积,H是焓。文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html
吉布斯自由能的微分形式是:文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html
dG=−SdT+Vdp+μdN文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html
其中μ是化学势,也就是说每个粒子的平均吉布斯自由能等于化学势。文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html
文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html 文章源自公式库网-https://www.gongshiku.com/html/201910/jibusiziyounengrelixuehanshushuzhiyijianshengchengjisuanqi.html